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| | | | Result : Searchterm 'Cancer' found in 1 term [ ] and 22 definitions [ ]
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Cancer is a general term related to the abnormal (malignant) growth of cells (tumor) which tend to proliferate uncontrolled and destroy healthy tissues. If not controlled by effective treatment, cancer can spread out into other regions of the body (metastasize).
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): A form of breast carcinoma in situ confined to the breast ducts. DCIS (also called noninvasive breast cancer or intraductal breast carcinoma) is often associated with microcalcification on mammography.
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| | | •• There are 22 news about 'Cancer'. | |
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| | | •• There are 8 news about 'Breast Imaging'. | |
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| | | | | | The digital mammography is an electronic imaging procedure of the breast. The number of breast imaging facilities equipped with digital mammography (also called computed radiography mammogram (CRM), CR mammogram) is growing due to a number of advantages.
Digital images can be stored directly in a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and allows the printing, enhancement, magnification, or brightness and contrast manipulation for further evaluation. The sensitivity of digital mammography compared to film mammography is better in women with dense breasts, a population at higher risk for breast cancer, due to these post processing possibilities.
'The American College of Radiology's (ACR) Imaging Network found that digital mammography detected up to 28 percent more cancers than film-screen mammography in women age 50 and younger, premenopausal and perimenopausal women, and women with dense breasts, as reported in October 2005 in the New England Journal of Medicine.'
Advantages of digital mammography:
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Faster image acquisition; |
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shorter examination time; |
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improved contrast between dense and non-dense breast tissue; |
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under or over x-ray exposure can be corrected without repeated mammograms; |
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post processing of breast images for more accurate detection of breast cancer; |
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Easy storage and transmission over phone lines or a network. |
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Existing mammography equipment can be converted to 'digital' operation, which allows cost savings compared to integrated digital mammography systems.
See also Breast MRI.
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A computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen images the region from the thoracic diaphragm to the pelvic groin. The computed tomography technique uses x-rays to differentiate tissues by their different radiation absorption rates.
Oral contrast material can be given to opacify the bowel before scanning.
An i.v. injection of a contrast agent (x-ray dye) improves the visualization of organs like liver, spleen, pancreas and kidneys and provides additional information about the blood supply.
Spiral- or helical CT, including improvements in detector technology support faster image acquisition with higher quality. Advanced CT systems can usually obtain a CT scan of the whole abdomen during a single breath hold. This speed increases the detection of small lesions (caused by differences in breathing on consecutive scans) and is beneficial especially in pediatric, elderly or critically-ill patients.
Changes in patient weight require variations in x-ray tube potential to maintain constant detector energy fluence. An increased x-ray tube potential improves the contrast to noise resolution (CNR).
An abdominal CT is typically used to help diagnose the cause of abdominal pain and diseases such as:
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appendicitis, diverticulitis; |
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kidney and gallbladder calcifications; |
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abscesses and inflammations; |
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cancer, metastases and other tumors; |
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pancreatitis; |
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vascular disorders. |
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Other indications for CT scanning of the abdomen/pelvis include planning radiation treatments, guide biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures. Advanced techniques include for example 3D CT angiography, multiphasic contrast-enhanced imaging, virtual cystoscopy, virtual colonoscopy, CT urography and CT densitometry.
See also Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography.
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A barium enema is an x-ray examination of the colon and rectum to find abnormalities such as polyps, diverticulosis, cancer, or inflammatory disease.
Liquid barium is administered through a small tube inserted into the rectum. In case of an air-contrast or double-contrast barium enema, the added air improves the evaluation of the lining of the large intestine.
Barium enemas require a bowel preparation with laxatives, starting one day before the examination.
See also Colonoscopy and Virtual Colonoscopy. |
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