The conversion electron is a low shell electron emitted for the energy change of the atom by internal conversion.

See Internal Conversion, Auger Effect, Auger Electron.

In the internal conversion process the multipole electric field of the nucleus of an atom, in an electromagnetically excited state, react with an orbit electron. With enough energy the electron is ejected (internal conversion electron). The energy of the conversion electron depends on the energy transferred from the nucleus reduced by the shell specific binding energy. This process competes with gamma emission. The refilling for the vacancy left by the internal conversion electron occurs through the Auger effect, a higher orbit electron take place and x-ray or an Auger electron will be emitted.
The atomic number of the atom gets not changed by internal conversion.

See also Conversion Electron, Auger Effect and Auger Electron.

The Auger electron is emitted caused by the Auger effect. The kinetic energy of the Auger electron depends on the type of atom and the chemical environment. The energy of the Auger electron is in the range between 280 eV (electron volt) and 2100 eV. These different energy levels are utilized for chemical analysis.

See also Auger Effect, Compton Electron, Conversion Electron, Initiating Electron and Auger Pierre Victor.

If a nucleus still has excess energy after attempts of stabilization, it can emit energy without changing the number of protons or neutrons. This process is named isomeric transition. One way of isomeric transition is the emission of a gamma rays, the other competing way is internal conversion, where the excess energy of the nucleus must exceed the binding energy of an electron, which then will be ejected from the atom.

See also Decay, Gamma Radiation and Internal Conversion.

Radioactive decay is the change of instable atoms to a more stable state. This change to a different nuclide by the spontaneous emission of radiation such as alpha or beta particles, gamma rays, or by electron capture follows an element-specific decay chain. Each step in the decay chain has a definite half-life.
Sometimes also the reduction of excitation energy of the nucleus by e.g. internal conversion is mentioned as radioactive decay.

See also Decay Chain, Radioisotope.