Neutron capture is a process in which a neutron collides with a nucleus and becomes part of this nucleus caused by nuclear forces. It interacts without release of another heavy particle. A gamma ray photon is emitted as an immediate result of the neutron capture process. Through the neutron capture the nucleus becomes a heavier isotope of the same element. The kind of decay depends on the isotope and its stability.
This process is for example part of the neutron activation analysis, in which a sample is positioned in a neutron beam and also used in the 'boron neutron capture therapy'.

See also Thermal Neutrons, Epithermal Neutron, Neutron Activation Analysis, Nuclear Charge Number, Deuteron, Isomeric Transition, Isotones, N P Reaction.

Neutron radiation is one type of ionizing radiation. Neutrons get emitted from an atom by the fission process or by decay processes. In the upper atmosphere neutron radiation is produced by the interaction of cosmic radiation with air. Neutron radiation is used for the production of medical isotopes and certain direct medical therapies.

See also Neutron Activation, Neutron Activation Analysis and Neutron Capture.

Characterization of atoms by their nuclear properties, as the number of protons and the number of neutrons. The different nuclides of an element are its isotopes (equal proton number, but different neutron numbers). Isomers of this particular nuclide are equal in the proton and mass numbers, but differ in their energy content. Unstable nuclides which are radioactive are called radionuclides.

See also Isotope, Isomer and Decay.

Time in which 50% of the atoms of a radioactive substance transform/disintegrate (decay) to another nuclear form.

See also Half-Life, Biological Radioactive Half-Life and Effective Radioactive Half-Life.

Radiography is a synonym for the examination of the structure of materials by nondestructive methods, for example with radiation. Radiography is used for both medical and industrial applications.
Autoradiography describes the imaging of an object using radiations produced by the radioactive decay of nuclides in the object.
Sometimes, imaging modalities without use of radiation such as MRI and ultrasound are grouped in radiography due to the fact that the radiology staff handles different forms of medical imaging. Treatment using radiation is known as radiotherapy.

See also Diagnostic Imaging and Conventional Radiography.