A mammogram is a low dose x-ray of the breast used to detect and diagnose breast disease, or to provide a baseline reference for later comparison. Multiple images are obtained by different positioning of the breast. The breast compression during mammography is an essential component to produce an optimal diagnostic mammogram. Film mammography units use film to both capture and display the image; digital mammography units use electronic equipment.
A spot compression reduces the thickness of the area of interest and improves contrast and separation of breast tissues.

On October 19, 2001, Philips Medical Systems completed an acquisition strategy through its purchase of Marconi Medical Systems.
The History of Marconi Medical Systems
2001 Royal Philips Electronics and Marconi plc announced that Philips has agreed to acquire Marconi Medical Systems for $1.1 billion.
2000 Marconi introduces Infinite Detector Technology for Mx8000 multislice CT scanner, which acquires an unprecedented 16 simultaneous slices with sub-millimeter isotropic accuracy.
1999 At RSNA, Picker International unveils the new Marconi Medical Systems name and corporate vision.
1998 Picker International acquires the Computed Tomography Division of Elscint Ltd, immediately positioning Picker at the forefront of major global CT suppliers.
1986 Picker produces the industry's first 1.0T MR imager.
1981 Picker is sold to General Electric Co. Ltd. of England (GEC). Picker merged with Cambridge Instruments, GEC Medical, and American Optical to form Picker International.
1967 The name changed from Picker x-ray to Picker Corporation. Picker acquired Dunlee.
1946 The Dunlee Corporation started in Chicago by Dunmore Dunk and Zed. J. Atlee to meet demand for quality x-ray tubes and special purpose tubes.
1915 James Picker Company formed in New York City offering sales and service of x-ray equipment, film and accessories.

A neutron (see also baryon) is a fundamental component of a nucleus. Neutrons, discovered by James Chadwick in 1935 (Nobel Prize in physics), have no charge and are about 1838 times more massive than electrons.

See also Neutron Activation, Neutron Activation Analysis, Neutron Radiation and Neutron Capture.

The numbers of nuclei or electrons in different energy levels. At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of the energy levels will be given by the Boltzmann distribution.

See also Boltzmann Distribution.

A positron is a positively charged, with a resting energy of at least 511 keV, subatomic particle. A positron is the antiparticle of an electron, identical in mass and spin.
Positrons can be generated by positron decay or pair production.
Positron emission tomography detects positrons from the decay of radioactive tracers.

See also Beta Decay.