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Excretion
 
The excretion of body wastes and toxic substances are the primary function of the kidneys. The functional excretion unit is the nephron. Each kidney contains about one million nephrons. The nephron has three primary regions that function in the renal excretion process, the glomerulus, proximal tubule, and the distal tubule.
The kidney clearance is a measurement of the renal excretion ability. The excretion of the radiopharmaceutical used for kidney clearance begins approx. four minutes after application.
BiliscopinŽ Infusion
 
BiliscopinŽ, an iodinated contrast medium for intravenous cholecystography is secreted actively by the hepatocytes. The biliary excretion rate of a biliary contrast medium is determined by the binding to plasma proteins and liver receptor proteins, and by its transport maximum for the liver. Because of its high hepatocellular transport rate, BiliscopinŽ infusion leads rapidly to high grade contrast density in the intra-hepatic and extra-hepatic biliary ducts as well as in the gallbladder.
Computed tomography with biliary contrast agents provides maximum quality preoperative imaging of the biliary tract.

Drug Information and Specification
NAME OF COMPOUND Meglumine iotroxate
DEVELOPER Bayer Schering Pharma AG
INDICATION Cholecystography, cholecystangiography
APPLICATION Intravenous
PHARMACOKINETIC Biliary excretion
OSMOLALITY 0.29 mosm/kgH2O
IODINE CONCENTRATION 105 mg/mL
DOSAGE 100 mL
PREPARATION Ready-to-use product
STORAGE Protect from light and x-rays
PRESENTATION 100 mL bottle
DO NOT RELY ON THE INFORMATION PROVIDED HERE, THEY ARE NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PACKAGE INSERT!
  Further Reading:
  Basics:
Consumer Medicine Information BILISCOPINŽ(.pdf)Open this link in a new window
July 2007 by www.bayer.com.au    
  News & More:
Notes on Radiographic Contrast Agents(.pdf)Open this link in a new window
'The use of radiographic contrast agents dates almost from the discovery of X-Rays. In 1896 Becher opacified the gastrointestinal ...'
by www.ranzcr.edu.au    
CholografinŽ Meglumine
 
CholografinŽ Meglumine is a contrast agent for intravenous cholangiography and cholecystography. Iodipamide's primary excretion through the hepato-biliary system and concentration in bile allows visualization of the gallbladder and biliary ducts.

Drug Information and Specification
NAME OF COMPOUND Iodipamide meglumine
DEVELOPER Bracco Diagnostics, Inc.
INDICATION Cholecystography, cholecystangiography
APPLICATION Intravenous
PHARMACOKINETIC Biliary excretion
IODINE CONCENTRATION 520 mg/mL
DOSAGE 20 mL
PREPARATION Ready-to-use product
STORAGE Protect from light; store at 20 - 25°Celsius (68 - 77°Fahrenheit); avoid excessive heat.
PRESENTATION 20 mL vials
DO NOT RELY ON THE INFORMATION PROVIDED HERE, THEY ARE NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE ACCOMPANYING PACKAGE INSERT!
  Further Reading:
  Basics:
Package Insert CHOLOGRAFINŽMEGLUMINE Iodipamide Meglumine Injection USP 52%(.pdf)Open this link in a new window
by usa.braccoimaging.com    
Bioassay
 
A bioassay is a medical test to measure, and quantify radionuclides in the body by direct (in vivo) or indirect (in vitro) analysis of tissues or excretions from the body.
See also Radioimmunoassay.
Biokinetic Model
 
A biokinetic model describes the time course of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of material or radiation introduced into the body of an organism.
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