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A computed tomography (CT) scanner is used to create cross-sectional
slices of different objects. The medical version of CT system scans the human body for tumors or other abnormalities, other versions are used for non-destructive testing in the industry.
The CT imaging system includes the moveable gantry and patient table or couch. The gantry is a frame that contains the x-ray source, collimators, filters, detectors, a data acquisition system (DAS), rotational components including slip ring systems and all associated electronics. The x-ray tube and detector system are mounted opposite each other, allowing a rapid and synchronous rotation around the patient table.
In older CT scanners a small generator supplied power to the x-ray tube and the rotational components via cables for operation. Up to the 4th generation the CT tube and detectors rotate together around the patient for each slice. CT systems with slip ring technology (the x-ray tube rotates around a stationary ring of detectors) operate without cables and provides continuous rotation of the gantry components without interference of cables. Spiral CT scanners work with a continuous table movement while the x-ray tube is rotating around the patient.
Overview about CT scanner generations:
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1st generation has a pencil beam and one detector; |
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2nd generation has a narrow fan beam and multiple detectors; |
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3rd generation has a wide fan beam; |
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4th generation is equipped with a detector ring; |
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5th generation is the electron beam tomography CT |
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6th generation is the helical (or spiral) CT scanner; |
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7th generation is the multi-detector row CT. |
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